ETA political-military (

Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Cana ...

: ''ETA político-militar'',

Basque Basque may refer to: * Basques, an ethnic group of Spain and France * Basque language, their language Places * Basque Country (greater region), the homeland of the Basque people with parts in both Spain and France * Basque Country (autonomous co ...

: ''ETA politiko-militarra'') or ETA (pm) was the majority faction of the Basque revolutionary armed organization

ETA Eta (uppercase , lowercase ; grc, ἦτα ''ē̂ta'' or ell, ήτα ''ita'' ) is the seventh letter of the Greek alphabet, representing the close front unrounded vowel . Originally denoting the voiceless glottal fricative in most dialects, ...

, who during

Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...

transition to democracy Democratization, or democratisation, is the transition to a more democratic political regime, including substantive political changes moving in a democratic direction. It may be a hybrid regime in transition from an authoritarian regime to a full ...

opted for a double legged structure, political on the one side and military on the other, while ''ETA militarra'' or ETA(m) adopted a military-only structure with its constituent divisions detaching into new self-standing organizations ( LAB in 1974, etc.). In the late 1970s, ETA(pm) divided into two groups, with the bulk of the militants siding with the so-called ''Berezis'' (the Special Cells). The Berezis merged shortly after with ETA(m), following that the resulting organization became the main branch of ETA and was called from then on ETA(m). Those who stuck to the positions of ETA(pm)'s executive board defended the submission of ETA's violent actions to their political party

EIA Eia or EIA may refer to: Medicine * Enzyme immunoassay * Equine infectious anemia * Exercise-induced anaphylaxis * Exercise-induced asthma * External iliac artery Transport * Edmonton International Airport, in Alberta, Canada * Erbil Internation ...

's needs (founding party of

Euskadiko Ezkerra Euskadiko Ezkerra (EE; en, Basque Country Left) was a Basque socialist political organisation. It was founded as a coalition of Euskal Iraultzarako Alderdia (EIA, ''Basque Party for Revolution'' or ''Party for Basque Revolution'') and other Ba ...

), often economical urges. However, Spanish officials hard pressed on the newly formed party to immediately stop ETA(pm)'s actions or to face up to the consequences. In the early 80s, the VII Assembly was held, which sought a way out of armed struggle. ETA(pm) - VII Assembly, through the mediation of its political alter ego, the party

(''Basque Country's Left''), accepted a policy of individual pardons to all members who publicly renounced violence. Many of its former members integrated into Euskadiko Ezkerra, which later fused with the

Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left The Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left ( eu, Euskadiko Alderdi Sozialista – Euskadiko Ezkerra, es, Partido Socialista de Euskadi – Euskadiko Ezkerra, PSE-EE) is a Social democracy, social-democratic List of political ...

(PSE), the

affiliate of the national

Spanish Socialist Workers' Party The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party ( es, Partido Socialista Obrero Español ; PSOE ) is a social-democraticThe PSOE is described as a social-democratic party by numerous sources: * * * * political party in Spain. The PSOE has been in gov ...

. Still a small group in ETA (pm) refused to join the VII Assembly and kept the armed activity under the name ETA - VIII Assembly, soon to merge with ETA(m) in 1983. ''See

ETA (separatist group) ETA, an acronym for Euskadi Ta Askatasuna ("Basque Homeland and Liberty"ETA BASQUE ORGANIZA ...

for more extensive discussion of ETA (pm) and the parallel ETA (m).''

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Eta Political-Military Basque politics Basque conflict Anti-Francoism ETA (separatist group)